Decomposition

Decomposition in software design is the process of breaking down a complex system into smaller, more manageable components. This helps in understanding, designing, and maintaining the system by dividing it into modules, functions, or subsystems, each handling a specific part of the overall functionality.

For example, in a Data Flow Diagram (DFD):

• Level 0 (Context Diagram) represents the entire system as one process.

• Level 1 DFD decomposes that single process into multiple sub-processes.

Decomposition improves modularity, reusability, and scalability, making large systems easier to develop and maintain.

Example - Educational Product

Main Function

Decompose the project into smaller modules

def educational_product():
    DEVELOP_USER_MANAGEMENT_MODULE()
    DEVELOP_CONTENT_DELIVERY_MODULE()
    DEVELOP_PERFORMANCE_ANALYSIS_MODULE()

After developing each module, integrate them

def INTEGRATE_MODULES()

Module 1: User Management

def DEVELOP_USER_MANAGEMENT_MODULE():
    # Handle user registration
    HANDLE_USER_REGISTRATION()
    
    # Handle user authentication
    HANDLE_USER_AUTHENTICATION()
    
    # Handle profile management
    HANDLE_PROFILE_MANAGEMENT()

def HANDLE_USER_REGISTRATION():
    # (Details of user registration process)

def HANDLE_USER_AUTHENTICATION():
    # (Details of user authentication process)

def HANDLE_PROFILE_MANAGEMENT():
    # (Details of profile management process)

Module 2: Content Delivery

def DEVELOP_CONTENT_DELIVERY_MODULE():
    # Present educational content to the users
    DELIVER_EDUCATIONAL_CONTENT()
    
    # Provide questions related to the content
    PRESENT_QUESTIONS()

def DELIVER_EDUCATIONAL_CONTENT():
    # (Details of content delivery process)

def PRESENT_QUESTIONS():
    # (Details of presenting questions process)

Module 3: Performance Analysis

def DEVELOP_PERFORMANCE_ANALYSIS_MODULE():
    # Track user progress
    TRACK_USER_PROGRESS()
    
    # Analyse performance metrics
    ANALYSE_PERFORMANCE_METRICS()

def TRACK_USER_PROGRESS():
    # (Details of tracking user progress)

def ANALYSE_PERFORMANCE_METRICS():
    # (Details of analyzing performance metrics)

Integration

def INTEGRATE_MODULES():
    # (Details of integrating the modules)

Execution

def main():
    educational_product()